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Hibiscadelphus giffardianus

Rock (1911)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Hibiscadelphus

hau kuahiwi

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees up to 7 m or more tall, trunk up to 30 cm in diameter.

Stems: Trunk up to 30 cm in diameter, smooth, grayish bark and prominent petiole scars on young branches, glabrate to stellate puberulent.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades orbicular to subreniform in outline, 10–25(–30) cm long, usually 3–angled or 5(7)–angled. Base deeply cordate with overlapping sinuses. Surfaces pubescent in the vein angles. Margins entire or shallowly to deeply crenate or dentate, base cordate. Petioles often approaching blades in length. Stipules present 1–2 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, borne near the ends of branches, pedicels 1.5–3(–4) cm long; involucral bracts 5–7, connate slightly at base, filiform, stiffly spreading or reflexed, 18–35 mm long, up to 1.1 mm wide. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx saccate, 2.7–3.7(–4.5) cm long, 2–3–cleft, 5-lobed, sepals connate, the lobes valvate in bud, persistent in fruit or circumscissilly dehiscent toward base before capsule maturity. Corolla usually zygomorphic, tubular to rotate or reflexed, corolla of 5 petals, obovate, grayish green externally, dark magenta within, (5–)6–7 cm long, curved and narrowly convolute with the 2 lower petals shorter and usually spreading or reflexed apically, densely stellate pubescent on lower surface and often on upper surface near apex, usually conspicuously veined. Stamens 5 to numerous, monadelphous, forming a staminal column, exserted or exposed apically by the spreading lower petals; antheriferous in upper ⅓–½ below the 5–dentate apex; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, placentation axile, 5-celled; ovules (2)3 per cell; style exceeding the staminal column; style branches 5, erect; stigmas terminal, capitate or discoid.

Fruit: Capsules woody; oblong–ovoid; 4–5 cm long; 2–2.5 cm in diameter; densely pubescent; 5-valved; loculicidally dehiscent; mesocarp strongly developed; reticulate; endocarp segments 10. Seeds reniform; 7– 10 mm long; grayish white tomentose; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 2n = 40*

Habitat: Mesic forest.

Elevation Range: ca. 1,310 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Ethnobotanical Images

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Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Bull. Div. Forest. Board Commiss. Agric. Forest. Hawaii 1: 10 (1911)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:879 (H); Lorence & Wagner 1995:186 (KEY); Staples & Herbst 2005:393 (DESCR); Wood et al. 2019 (EXTINCT, 1911)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
2 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
3 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 27016 Hawaii BISH 1953-02-06
4 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
5 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 3909 Hawaii BISH 1930-04-15
6 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Herat, T. BISH
7 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25106 Hawaii BISH 1953-02-02
8 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1025 Hawaii BISH 1915-07-01
9 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
10 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 26022 Hawaii BISH 1958-02-01
11 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
12 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1025 Hawaii BISH 1915-07-01
13 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
14 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 35598 Hawaii BISH 1982-09-01
15 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Giffard, W.M. 341 Hawaii BISH 1928-06-01
16 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8773 Hawaii BISH 1911-03-01
17 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1975-11-07
18 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1973-05-06
19 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1976-04-27
20 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1976-04-07
21 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Giffard, W.M. Hawaii BISH 1927-06-26
22 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1918-07-01
23 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1975-10-14
24 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Hawaii BISH 1912-01-01
25 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1975-12-08
26 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Hawaii BISH 1927-08-01
27 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1940-07-01
28 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Hawaii BISH 1922-01-01
29 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1973-05-06
30 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH
31 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. BISH 1913-01-01
32 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1975-10-02
33 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Baker, J.K. Maui BISH 1975-11-18
34 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Last wild tree in existance. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7124 Hawaii BISH 1929-08-01
35 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Planted in open forest. Preserved_Specimen Fallen lvs and fls from cuttings from last, now dead, wild tree. Thriving where planted in open forest. Degener, O. 30818 Hawaii BISH 1966-05-17
36 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details From seeds from last known wild tree. Preserved_Specimen Only three trees known to Degener (in Gifford's garden). Degener, O. 7125 Hawaii BISH 1929-10-13
37 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing along with Acacia koa. Preserved_Specimen Tree. Uncommon Herat, T. 604 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-19
38 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Last specimen of dying tree. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 13050 Hawaii BISH 1917-08-01
39 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Cultivated tree. Preserved_Specimen Rather unhealthy tree 6 m x 15 cm. Fls fall without setting frt. St.John, H. 25106 Hawaii BISH 1953-02-02
40 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details From planted tree on ranch. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1955-12-01
41 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mrs. Giffard's garden. Preserved_Specimen Tree seems to be dying (1932) Meebold, A. Hawaii BISH 1932-05-01
42 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Planted by Gifford at his summer home about 1912 -1914. Preserved_Specimen Seedling tree. flowered a second time but not seeded. Giffard, W.M. Hawaii BISH 1927-02-26
43 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Cultivated tree. Preserved_Specimen Leaves dark green slightly glossy above, lighter green and dull [?] below. Epicalyx and pedicel light green. Calyx light green towards tip of tube and along lobes magenta suffused. Corolla dark magenta. Anthers brown. Baker, J.K. Hawaii BISH 1973-05-06
44 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details About 30 meters into forest at right of road. (Plot 39) Acacia - Sapindus - Microlepia forest communiy. Planted. Preserved_Specimen Tree about 8 ft tall. Newell, C.L. 790 Hawaii BISH 1966-09-08
45 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Acacia koa -- Metrosideros polymorpha forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree to 15 feet, flowers deep red within curved. Carlquist, S. 2058 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-24
46 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details From type tree. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1917-08-01
47 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia-Metrosideros-Sapindus montane mesic forest with Coprosma, Pipturus, Psychotria, Nestegis, Myoporum, Pisonia, Athyrium, Melicope, Dodonaea. Preserved_Specimen 10 m tall tree; in flower and fruit; flowers fragrant; 3 trees in area. (Not a natural population. Trees grown from cuttings taken from the wild. Trees cultivated at NTBG and reintroduced.) Wood, K.R. 976 Hawaii BISH 1991-06-27
48 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Cultivated Preserved_Specimen Ca. 5 m tree, from well known planting. Takeuchi, W.N. 1733 Hawaii BISH 1984-09-23
49 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Fallen leaves & fls of tree no. KK-HX-1. Degener, O. 34398 Hawaii BISH 1977-06-11
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